{"id":874,"date":"2025-08-14T13:26:46","date_gmt":"2025-08-14T04:26:46","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/wp.ssunmini.com\/?page_id=874"},"modified":"2025-08-18T17:16:55","modified_gmt":"2025-08-18T08:16:55","slug":"database-storage","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/wp.ssunmini.com\/?page_id=874","title":{"rendered":"Database & Storage"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
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DRBD (Distributed Replicated Block Device) \uc2e4\uc2b5<\/p><\/div>

<\/path><\/path><\/svg> <\/div>
<\/path><\/path><\/svg> <\/div><\/div><\/div>
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DRBD \uc774\uc911\ud654\ub294 \ub450 \ub300 \uc774\uc0c1\uc758 \uc11c\ubc84 \uac04\uc5d0 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \ubcf5\uc81c\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 \uace0\uac00\uc6a9\uc131(HA, High Availability) \ud658\uacbd\uc744 \uad6c\ucd95\ud558\ub294 \uae30\uc220\uc774\ub2e4. DRBD(Distributed Replicated Block Device)\ub294 \ub124\ud2b8\uc6cc\ud06c\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 \uc11c\ub85c \ub2e4\ub978 \uc11c\ubc84\uc758 \ub514\uc2a4\ud06c\ub97c \uc2e4\uc2dc\uac04\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf5\uc81c\ud558\uc5ec \uc7a5\uc560 \ubc1c\uc0dd \uc2dc\uc5d0\ub3c4 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc190\uc2e4 \uc5c6\uc774 \ube60\ub974\uac8c \uc11c\ube44\uc2a4\ub97c \ubcf5\uad6c\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub3c4\ub85d \uc9c0\uc6d0\ud574\uc900\ub2e4.<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

DRBD \uc774\uc911\ud654\uc5d0\uc11c \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uac1c\ub150\uc740 \ub9c8\uc2a4\ud130-\uc2ac\ub808\uc774\ube0c \uad6c\uc870\uc774\uba70, \ud558\ub098\uc758 \uc11c\ubc84(Primary)\uac00 \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c \ucc98\ub9ac\ud558\uace0, \ub2e4\ub978 \uc11c\ubc84(Secondary)\uac00 \uadf8 \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c \uc2e4\uc2dc\uac04\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf5\uc81c\ubc1b\uc544 \ub300\uae30\ud558\ub294 \uad6c\uc870\uc774\ub2e4. \ub9cc\uc57d Primary \uc11c\ubc84\uc5d0 \ubb38\uc81c\uac00 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud558\uba74, Secondary \uc11c\ubc84\uac00 Primary\ub85c \uc2b9\uaca9\ub418\uc5b4 \uc11c\ube44\uc2a4 \uc911\ub2e8 \uc5c6\uc774 \uc6b4\uc601\uc774 \uac00\ub2a5\ud558\ub2e4.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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———————————————————————————————————————————<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  • Rocky 9.4 <\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • node1(Active) \/ 192.168.0.23<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • node2(Standby) \/ 192.168.0 24<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • port \/ 7788<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

    ———————————————————————————————————————————<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \n
    • elrepo \uc124\uce58<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
      dnf -y install elrepo-*<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
        \n
      • drbd, kmod-drbd \uc124\uce58<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
        dnf -y install kmod-drbd*<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
          \n
        • hostname \uc124\uc815<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
          # master \uc11c\ubc84(Active)\nnode1\n\n# standby \uc11c\ubc84\nnode2<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
            \n
          • \/etc\/hosts \ud30c\uc77c \uc124\uc815 (Active, Standby \ubaa8\ub450 \ub3d9\uc77c\ud558\uac8c \uc124\uc815)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
            192.168.0.23 node1\n\n192.168.0.24 node2<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
              \n
            • \ud30c\ud2f0\uc158 \uc0dd\uc131 (drbd \ub294 \uae30\uc874\uc5d0 \uc788\ub358 \ub514\uc2a4\ud06c(\ud30c\ud2f0\uc158)\uc5d0 \uc801\uc6a9\uc774 \uc548\ub428, \ub514\uc2a4\ud06c \uc0c8\ub85c \ucd94\uac00)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
              fdisk \/dev\/sdb\n\nWelcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.37.4).\nChanges will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.\nBe careful before using the write command.\n\nDevice does not contain a recognized partition table.\nCreated a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x689bf112.\n\nCommand (m for help): n\nPartition type\n   p   primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)\n   e   extended (container for logical partitions)\nSelect (default p): p\nPartition number (1-4, default 1): 1\nFirst sector (2048-41943039, default 2048):\nLast sector, +\/-sectors or +\/-size{K,M,G,T,P} (2048-41943039, default 41943039):\n\nCreated a new partition 1 of type 'Linux' and of size 20 GiB.\n\nCommand (m for help): w\nThe partition table has been altered.\nCalling ioctl() to re-read partition table.\nSyncing disks.\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                \n
              • \uc124\uc815 \ud30c\uc77c \uc0dd\uc131 (Master, Standby \ubaa8\ub450 \ub3d9\uc77c)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                vim \/etc\/drbd.d\/drbddate.res\n\n\nresource drbddate {\n    startup {\n        wfc-timeout 30;\n        degr-wfc-timeout 30;\n    }\n    net {\n        cram-hmac-alg sha1;\n        shared-secret sync_disk;\n        allow-two-primaries;\n    }\n    syncer {\n#        rate 100M;\n        al-extents 257;\n        on-no-data-accessible io-error;\n    }\n    on node1 {\n        device \/dev\/drbd0;\n        disk \/dev\/sdb1;\n        address 192.168.0.23:7788;\n        meta-disk internal;\n    }\n    on node2 {\n        device \/dev\/drbd0;\n        disk \/dev\/sdb1;\n        address 192.168.0.24:7788;\n        meta-disk internal;\n    }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                  \n
                • \uba54\ud0c0\ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc0dd\uc131 (Master, Standby \ubaa8\ub450 \ub3d9\uc77c)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                  cd \/etc\/drbd.d\/\ndrbdadm create-md drbddate<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                    \n
                  • drbd \uad6c\ub3d9 (\ub9c8\uc2a4\ud130 \uc11c\ubc84 \uad6c\ub3d9 \uc644\ub8cc \ud6c4 \uc2a4\ud0e0\ubc14\uc774\ub3c4 \uad6c\ub3d9)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                    systemctl start drbd\n\nsystemctl enable drbd<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                      \n
                    • \uad6c\ub3d9 \ud655\uc778 (\ub9c8\uc2a4\ud130 \uc11c\ubc84, \uc2a4\ud0e0\ubc14\uc774 \uc11c\ubc84 \ud655\uc778)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                      cat \/proc\/drbd<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                        \n
                      • Master \uc124\uc815 (Master \uc11c\ubc84\uc5d0\uc11c\ub9cc \uc2e4\ud589)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                        cd \/etc\/drbd.d\/\ndrbdadm primary --force drbddate<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                          \n
                        • \ud30c\uc77c \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c \ud3ec\uba67 (\ub9c8\uc2a4\ud130, \uc2a4\ud0e0\ubc14\uc774)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                          mkfs.ext4 \/dev\/drbd0<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                            \n
                          • \ub514\ub809\ud1a0\ub9ac \uc0dd\uc131 \ubc0f \ud30c\ud2f0\uc158 \ub9c8\uc6b4\ud2b8 (\uc561\ud2f0\ube0c \uc11c\ubc84)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                            mkdir \/data\n\nmount \/dev\/drbd0 \/data<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                              \n
                            • \ub9c8\uc6b4\ud2b8 \ud655\uc778<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                              df\n\n\n[root@node1 min]# df -Th\nFilesystem     Type      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on\ndevtmpfs       devtmpfs  4.0M     0  4.0M   0% \/dev\ntmpfs          tmpfs     888M     0  888M   0% \/dev\/shm\ntmpfs          tmpfs     356M  6.0M  350M   2% \/run\n\/dev\/sda5      xfs        84G  3.0G   82G   4% \/\n\/dev\/sda3      xfs        10G  687M  9.3G   7% \/home\n\/dev\/sda2      xfs       960M  289M  672M  31% \/boot\n\/dev\/sda1      vfat     1022M  7.1M 1015M   1% \/boot\/efi\ntmpfs          tmpfs     178M     0  178M   0% \/run\/user\/0\n\/dev\/drbd0     ext4       20G  425M   19G   3% \/data\ntmpfs          tmpfs     178M     0  178M   0% \/run\/user\/1000<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                              \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
                              <\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                \n
                              • \ub9c8\uc2a4\ud130 \uc0c1\ud0dc \ud655\uc778<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                                drbdadm status\n\n\n[root@node1 data]# drbdadm status\ndrbddate role:Primary\n  disk:UpToDate\n  node2 role:Secondary\n    peer-disk:UpToDate<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                                \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
                                  \n
                                • \uc2a4\ud0e0\ubc14\uc774 \uc0c1\ud0dc \ud655\uc778<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                                  drbdadm status\n\n\n[root@node2 data]# drbdadm status\ndrbddate role:Primary\n  disk:UpToDate\n  node1 role:Primary\n    peer-disk:UpToDate<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                                  \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
                                  <\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                  #\uc561\ud2f0\ube0c, \uc2a4\ud0e0\ubc14\uc774\ub85c \ud65c\uc131\uc2dc\uc5d0\ub294 \ub9c8\uc2a4\ud130 \uc11c\ubc84\uc5d0\uc11c\ub9cc \ub9c8\uc6b4\ud2b8 \uc801\uc6a9\ud574\uc57c\ud55c\ub2e4. \uc2a4\ud0e0\ubc14\uc774 \uc11c\ubc84\ub3c4 \ub9c8\uc6b4\ud2b8\uc2dc\uc5d0 \uc561\ud2f0\ube0c=\uc561\ud2f0\ube0c\ub85c \ud65c\uc131\ud654 \ub41c\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                    \n
                                  • \uc2a4\ud0e0\ubc14\uc774 \uc0c1\ud0dc\ub97c \uc561\ud2f0\ube0c\ub85c \ubcc0\uacbd<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                                    drbdadm primary drbddate<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                                    <\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n
                                    MariaDB \ud55c\uae00(utf8mb4) \uc124\uc815<\/p><\/div>
                                     <\/path><\/path><\/svg> <\/div>
                                     <\/path><\/path><\/svg> <\/div><\/div><\/div>
                                    \n
                                    1. \uc11c\ubc84(my.cnf)\uc5d0\uc11c utf8mb4 \uae30\ubcf8 \ubb38\uc790\uc14b \uc9c0\uc815<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                    [client]\ndefault-character-set = utf8mb4\n\n[mysql]\ndefault-character-set = utf8mb4\n\n[mysqld]\ncharacter-set-server = utf8mb4\ncollation-server = utf8mb4_general_ci<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                                    2. MariaDB \uc7ac\uc2dc\uc791<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                    sudo systemctl restart mariadb\n# \ub610\ub294\nsudo systemctl restart mysql<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                                    3. \uc0c8\ub85c \ub9cc\ub4dc\ub294 DB\/\ud14c\uc774\ube14\/\uceec\ub7fc\uc5d0\ub294 \uc790\ub3d9 \uc801\uc6a9<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                    CREATE DATABASE mydb\n  DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8mb4\n  DEFAULT COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci;\n\nCREATE TABLE mytbl (\n  col1 VARCHAR(20),\n  col2 TEXT\n) ENGINE=InnoDB\n  DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4\n  COLLATE=utf8mb4_general_ci;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                                    4. \uae30\uc874 DB\/\ud14c\uc774\ube14\/\uceec\ub7fc\ub3c4 \uc801\uc6a9, \uae30\uc874 \ub370\uc774\ud130\ubca0\uc774\uc2a4 \ubb38\uc790\uc14b\/\ucf5c\ub808\uc774\uc158 \ubcc0\uacbd<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                    ALTER DATABASE mydb CHARACTER SET = utf8mb4 COLLATE = utf8mb4_general_ci;<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                                    5. \uae30\uc874 \ud14c\uc774\ube14 \ubb38\uc790\uc14b\/\ucf5c\ub808\uc774\uc158 \ubcc0\uacbd<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                    ALTER TABLE mytbl CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci;<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                                    6. \uceec\ub7fc\ubcc4 \ubb38\uc790\uc14b\/\ucf5c\ub808\uc774\uc158\uae4c\uc9c0 \ud655\uc2e4\ud788 \ubcc0\uacbd<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                    ALTER TABLE mytbl\nMODIFY col1 VARCHAR(20) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci,\nMODIFY col2 TEXT CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci;<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                                      \n
                                    • (\uceec\ub7fc\uc774 CHAR, VARCHAR, TEXT \ub4f1 \ubb38\uc790 \ud0c0\uc785\uc77c \ub54c\ub9cc \ud574\ub2f9)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                                      7. \ucd5c\uc885 \ud655\uc778 \uba85\ub839\uc5b4<\/p>\n\n\n\n
                                      SHOW CREATE TABLE mytbl;\nSHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM mytbl;\nSHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'char%';<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
                                      \u2192 Collation\/Charset\uc774 \ubaa8\ub450 utf8mb4_general_ci, utf8mb4\ub85c \ub098\uc624\uba74 \uc131\uacf5<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":12,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-874","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/wp.ssunmini.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/874","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/wp.ssunmini.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/wp.ssunmini.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wp.ssunmini.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wp.ssunmini.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=874"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/wp.ssunmini.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/874\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1030,"href":"https:\/\/wp.ssunmini.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/874\/revisions\/1030"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/wp.ssunmini.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=874"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}